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Arias, E. G. (1988). Bottom-up Neighborhood Revitalization: A Language Approach for Participatory Decision Support. Bottom-up Neighborhood Revitalization, 33(10), 1831–1848.
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Arias, E. G. (1996). Bottom-up Neighborhood Revitalization: Participatory Decision Support Approaches and Tools. Bottom-up Neighborhood Revitalization, 33(10), 1831–1848.
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Arias, E. G., Eden, H., Fischer, G., Gorman, A., & Scharff, E. (2000). Transcending the Individual Human Mind—Creating Shared Understanding through Collaborative Design. ACM Transactions on Computer Human-Interaction, 7(1), 84–113.
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Arias, E. G. (1995). Designing in a Design Community: Insights and Challenges. In G. M. Olson, & S. Schuon (Eds.), Proceedings of Designing Interactive Systems (DIS'95) Symposium: Processes, Practices, Methods, & Techniques (pp. 259–263). New York: ACM Press.
Abstract: This presentation critically focuses on an experience gained from interactions between practice and research on designing complex artifacts (such as cities) in the communities of physical design over 25 years. Grounded on this experience, insights and issues which have emerged over time will be shared to form the basis for the arguments that: “design can never be static over time,” and for the “dream of a common language”. These arguments in turn are offered as suggestions which may be useful in thinking about design support systems beyond existing rhetoric (reflection in action, participatory design, etc.) to support design as a CREATIVE PROBLEM SOLVING AND LEARNING PROCESS WITH INNOVATIVE PRESCRIPTIVE OUTCOMES AS ITS GOAL. To this end, it is argued that: creativity is fundamental in design; time effects and affects complex artifacts; the origins of conflict; and dreams of computational simulations and games and of a common Language. The conclusion moves toward designing the design community by offering some future directions and challenges to think about the DIS community.
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Arias, E. G., Eden, H., & Fischer, G. (1997). Enhancing Communication, Facilitating Shared Understanding, and Creating Better Artifacts by Integrating Physical and Computational Media for Design. In Proceedings of Designing Interactive Systems (DIS '97) (pp. 1–12). Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Acm.
Abstract: Frequently, the design of interactive systems focuses exclusively on the capabilities provided by the dynamic nature of computational media. Yet our have provided many examples in which physical models provide certain strengths not found in computational models. Rather than viewing this as a dichotomy -- where one must choose between one or the other -- we are exploring the creation of computational environments that build on the strengths of combined physical and virtual approaches. Over the last decade, we have developed different design environments to support stakeholders engaged in design processes by enhancing communication, facilitating shared understanding, and creating better artifacts. Until a few years ago, our work explored physical and computational media separately. In this paper we present our efforts to develop integrated design environments linking physical and computational dimensions to attain the complementary synergies that these two worlds offer. Our purpose behind this integration is the development of systems that can enhance the movement from conceptual thinking to concrete representations using face-to-face interaction to promote the negotiation of meaning, the direct interaction with artifacts, and the possibility that diverse stakeholders can participate fully in the process of design. To this end, we analyze the strengths, affordances, weaknesses, and limitations of the two media used separately and illustrate with our most recent work the value added by integrating these environments.
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