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Fischer, G. (1997). Evolution of Complex Systems by Supporting Collaborating Communities of Practice. (pp. 9–17). Kuching, Malaysi: Association for the Advancement of Computing in Education (AACE).
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Nakakoji, K. (1997). Beyond “Back-talk:” Uncovering Design Intention Through Critiquing. In L. Candy, & K. Hori (Eds.), Proceedings of an International Workshop on Strategic Knowledge and Concept Formation (pp. 99–110). Loughborough, UK: Loughborough University.
Abstract: Computational critiquing mechanisms have been used to support designers in refining a partial design solution during the course of reflection-in-action. The paper argues that by being embedded in an integrated design environment, critiquing mechanisms can help designers refine not only a partial solution but also a partially articulated design problem, uncovering design intentions. This claim is supported with the presentation of transcripts from user studies with the KID (Knowing-in-Design) design environment for kitchen floor plan design. Results of the study indicate that the embedded critics in KID helped designers explicitly articulate previously tacit domain knowledge in response to critiquing (13 Refs.)
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Fischer, G., & Nakakoji, K. (1997). Computational Environments Supporting Creativity in the Context of Lifelong Learning and Design. Knowledge-Based Systems Journal , Special Issue on Information Technology Support for Creativity, 10(1), 21–28.
Abstract: See http://www.elsevier.nl/cgi-bin/cas/tree/store/knosys/cas_sub/browse/browse.cgi?year=1997&volume=10&issue=1&aid=1076
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Flanagan, J., Huang, T., Jones, P., & Kasif, S. (1997). Human-Centered Systems: Information, Interactivity, and Intelligence. Human-Centered Systems. Urbana-Champaign: Beckman Institute, University of Illinois.
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Gery, G. (1997). Granting Three Wishes through Performance-Centered Design. Communications of the ACM, 40(7), 54–59.
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